Here is a dictionary-type answer for many of the main parts of a computer:

PartAbbreviationDescription
Central Processing UnitCPUThe “brain” of the computer, responsible for executing instructions.
Random Access MemoryRAMTemporary storage that holds data currently being used by the computer.
Read-Only MemoryROMPermanent storage that holds the computer’s startup instructions and other essential data.
Hard Disk DriveHDDA magnetic storage device that holds large amounts of data.
Solid-State DriveSSDA newer type of storage device that uses flash memory to store data.
MotherboardMBDThe main circuit board of the computer, which connects all the other components.
Graphics Processing UnitGPUA specialized processor that handles graphics processing tasks, such as rendering images and videos.
Sound CardSDCA device that enables the computer to play and record sound.
Network CardNICA device that enables the computer to connect to a network.
Power Supply UnitPSUA device that converts AC power from the wall outlet to DC power that the computer can use.
Optical DriveODDA device that reads and writes optical discs, such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-rays.
MonitorCRTAn output device that displays images and text.
PrinterPRTAn output device that prints text and images onto paper.
KeyboardKYBAn input device that allows users to enter text and commands.
MouseMSEAn input device that allows users to point and click on objects on the screen.


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